Abstract
A product order fulfillment system includes: a multi-level transport system, each level thereof having a corresponding independent asynchronous level transport system; a lifting transport system with more than one independent lift axis, in a common lift cell, each of the more than one independent lift axis being configured to independently hold and transport the at least one case along a trajectory; and a controller operably coupled to the multi-level transport system and the lifting transport system; where the asynchronous trajectories of the common lift cell output an ordered sequence of mixed cases in accordance to a predetermined case out ordered sequence of mixed cases; and where the controller is configured to heuristically generate optimal trajectory solutions for the asynchronous trajectories, and assign the at least one case to at least one asynchronous level transport axis based on at least one qualitative metric characterized by the optimal trajectory solutions.